Academia
Diploma thesis 2025Varovanjeaerodrome · alarming and evacuation · automatic suppression systems

Automatic Fire Detection and Suppression Systems at Airports: Case Study of Portorož Airport (LJPZ)

Emanuel LeticaVarovanje · module Varovanje · supervisor mag. Jakob Demšar · defence oktober 2025
In brief

The project in five facts.

AuthorEmanuel Letica
Supervisormag. Jakob Demšar
ModuleVarovanjeVarovanje
Employer / clientAcademia
Year2025oktober 2025
About the project

Challenge, approach and results.

The diploma thesis addresses fire safety at Portorož Airport (LJPZ) from the perspective of actual use and user perceptions, and places it within the valid normative-technical framework (ICAO, EASA, Slovenian legislation and technical guidelines). The methodological approach is combined: first, a review of requirements and recommendations is prepared (Annex 14/Doc 9137, EASA Easy Access Rules/CS-ADR-DSN, TSG-1-001, thematic standards), followed by a structured description of the situation by functional zones (terminal, TWR, hangar, apron/taxiway apron, technical spaces), and finally a survey instrument with Likert items and a checklist, which were conducted amongst employees at LJPZ. Responses were cleaned and processed by domains (detection/visibility of equipment, alarming and evacuation, basic extinguishing equipment, hydrants and intervention routes, drills/procedural management, maintenance/fault elimination) and by organisational groups (operations, maintenance, administration, etc.).

Problem

The diploma thesis addresses fire safety at Portorož Airport (LJPZ) from the perspective of actual use and user perceptions, and places it within the valid normative-technical framework (ICAO, EASA, Slovenian legislation and technical guidelines).

Solution and Method

The methodological approach is combined: first, a review of requirements and recommendations is prepared (Annex 14/Doc 9137, EASA Easy Access Rules/CS-ADR-DSN, TSG-1-001, thematic standards), followed by a structured description of the situation by functional zones (terminal, TWR, hangar, apron/taxiway apron, technical spaces), and finally a survey instrument with Likert items and a checklist, which were conducted amongst employees at LJPZ. Responses were cleaned and processed by domains (detection/visibility of equipment, alarming and evacuation, basic extinguishing equipment, hydrants and intervention routes, drills/procedural management, maintenance/fault elimination) and by organisational groups (operations, maintenance, administration, etc.).

Results

The results show that basic, visibly present protection elements are assessed as adequate, whilst the gaps are greatest in alarming and evacuation under demanding conditions, on intervention routes, and in the execution of drills and operational management. Differences between groups appear systematically: operational and maintenance units assess more strictly than groups with more indirect contact with the systems. The checklist confirms deficiencies in periodic testing of voice/alarm systems and drills.

Based on interpellation thresholds, the thesis proposes phased measures: (A) organisational improvements (organised testing calendar, improved signage, clearing of intervention routes), (B) targeted technological upgrades (measurable intelligibility of audio announcements, traceability of servicing), (C) systemic solutions for highly exposed environments (selected upgrades in hangars and technical spaces in accordance with NFPA/ISO). The contribution of the thesis is a repeatable procedure for monitoring fire safety perceptions and a transferable framework for prioritising measures, which consistently links the Slovenian building-technical level with European airport requirements by zones.

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