Comparison of Modern Ventilation Systems on the Example of a Single-Family House

A special procedure is required before starting the construction of a single-family house. This was confirmed in the third chapter of the diploma thesis, with the help of the ** Regulations on Ventilation and Air Conditioning of Buildings**, whilst the air quality and permissible concentrations of indoor air pollutants were presented in Table 2. The efficiency of using modern ventilation systems was presented with the help of the Rehva handbook, as the distribution of concentrations of harmful impurities, their impact and the source from which they originate were shown using summarised graphic material.

Solution and Method

A special procedure is required before starting the construction of a single-family house. It is necessary to obtain all ** project documentation** and all ** building permits**. The procedure begins with the purchase of land, which results in entry in the land register, obtaining location information, conceptual design (IDZ), preliminary project (IDP), project for obtaining building permit (PGD), project for implementation (PZI) and, after construction is completed, the as-built project (PID).

All these projects are combined in one document called the master file. This is prepared in accordance with the Regulations on Project Documentation (in the case under consideration according to the old legislation, which was valid until 1 June

2018) and is an integral part of the project documentation, in addition to plans and reports. When an investor wishes to install mechanical installations that require major intervention in the house (central ventilation system), they must inform the designer before the start or in the early phase of planning. If the investor fails to do so, the investment is more difficult and more expensive, or they must opt for local ventilation, which is less suitable for the house under consideration (it has more than six to eight rooms).

Since BIM has recently been gaining ground in construction worldwide and also in Slovenia, planning (3D) and the preparation of schedule plans can be done using this model. BIM enables clearer plans, project documentation, schedule plans, etc., and if upgraded, it can also be used to manage the facility. Every ventilation system must be maintained and cleaned to achieve clean air in the house.

The author of the diploma thesis described and illustrated several methods of cleaning ventilation systems in Chapter 2.3 and, using literature and data from service technicians and representatives, described the maintenance and cleaning process for better operation of ventilation systems. The user's well-being also depends on the maintenance and cleaning of ventilation systems. If we do not change the filters of the ventilation system and do not clean it properly, the air in the house is objectionable and harmful to health.

Results

This was confirmed in the third chapter of the diploma thesis, with the help of the Regulations on Ventilation and Air Conditioning of Buildings, whilst the air quality and permissible concentrations of indoor air pollutants were presented in Table 2. The efficiency of using modern ventilation systems was presented with the help of the Rehva handbook, as the distribution of concentrations of harmful impurities, their impact and the source from which they originate were shown using summarised graphic material. The author of the diploma thesis presented the advantages of modern ventilation systems (forced ventilation) compared to ventilation by opening windows and doors (natural ventilation) in the third chapter.

From an economic point of view, with regard to heating, when comparing both methods of ventilation, it was found that when using a ventilation system there are fewer heat energy losses, as by opening windows we lose heat energy and by supplying fresh air into the house we also introduce cold and moisture. The consequence of excessive amounts of moisture in the house is ** mould, which ** can be controlled by using forced ventilation, whereas otherwise this is not possible. Research carried out indicates that users of ventilation systems still open windows for various reasons (cooking, smoking).

The economy of heating and the amount of moisture in the house also depend on its location, user activity and, above all, the time period. If the house is in a sunny location, we need less heat energy to heat it than if it is somewhere in a basin, surrounded by shade and streams. In any case, it is good to have a ventilation system, as with its use the temperature in the house remains unchanged, the amount of moisture is limited, and heat losses are also smaller.

He presented methods of ventilation. Since the diploma thesis studied forced ventilation, emphasis was placed on modern ventilation systems. These are divided into ** central ventilation systems** (air flows through ventilation pipes into rooms) and ** local ventilation systems** (air flows through rooms by means of slots on doors, walls).

He defined the advantages of both systems and their technical characteristics and, by means of comparison, established that the central ventilation system is more suitable for the house under consideration. This is also a more cost-effective solution if it concerns a house with more than six to eight rooms. The house under consideration is larger, so one local ventilation unit would not be sufficient.

The local ventilation unit he selected costs €829.60. The price was found on the retailer's website. The Aeron central unit costs €2,800, as a preliminary estimate was obtained.

Both values are for the unit only, and we must also add the costs of installation and procurement of all elements that are necessary for the proper operation of the unit. On the basis of the literature under consideration, own findings, consultation with professional staff and comparison of properties, characteristics, quality and price findings, I can assert that the set objective was achieved, because conclusions were reached with which I can advise potential investors on the installation of an appropriate ventilation system and the necessary project documentation for construction.