Implementation of E-Invoices and Cost Accounting by Cost Centres and Cost Units in a Company

The diploma thesis addresses the implementation of electronic invoices and cost accounting by cost centres and cost units in a company, with emphasis on the impact of digitalisation of accounting processes on efficiency, transparency and cost control. In the modern business environment, companies are increasingly facing the challenges of digital transformation, where accounting plays an important role by providing quality, timely and reliable information for business decision-making. The advantages, disadvantages and challenges of digitalisation are analysed, particularly from the perspective of impact on business partners, information security and adaptation of internal business processes. The analysis showed that inadequate referencing of purchase orders or contracts often leads to incorrect cost allocation and reduced business transparency.

Problem

The diploma thesis addresses the implementation of electronic invoices and cost accounting by cost centres and cost units in a company, with emphasis on the impact of digitalisation of accounting processes on efficiency, transparency and cost control. In the modern business environment, companies are increasingly facing the challenges of digital transformation, where accounting plays an important role by providing quality, timely and reliable information for business decision-making. Special emphasis is placed on e-invoices as a modern form of business documentation that replaces paper invoices and enables automated processing, posting and archiving.

The theoretical part of the thesis presents the concepts of digitalisation in a company, legal bases in the field of accounting, value added tax and electronic business.

Solution and Method

The advantages, disadvantages and challenges of digitalisation are analysed, particularly from the perspective of impact on business partners, information security and adaptation of internal business processes. Special attention is given to e-invoices, their significance, content, structure and transmission to accounting programmes, as well as the legal requirements that companies must observe in this regard. The empirical part of the diploma thesis is based on the case of Pomgrad d. d., a company operating in construction – an industry with distinct characteristics in the field of accounting.

The thesis addresses the specificities of construction, such as time delimitation of revenues and expenses, long-term projects and the use of reverse charge mechanism. Special emphasis is placed on the implementation of purchase order and contract references on received invoices, as correctly stated data enables accurate posting of costs to appropriate cost centres and cost units.

Results

The analysis showed that inadequate referencing of purchase orders or contracts often leads to incorrect cost allocation and reduced business transparency. The research results confirm that the implementation of e-invoices contributes to reducing administrative work, printing, copying and archiving costs, and to faster and more accurate invoice processing. Traceability of business events and cost overview by individual projects also improve.

The diploma thesis concludes that digitalisation of accounting processes, with appropriate information support and compliance with legislation, represents an important step towards greater efficiency, transparency and competitiveness of the company.