The Impact of Building Joinery on the Quality of Living in the Case of a Single-Family House

Modern construction and global changes due to air pollution require the construction of buildings with as few negative emissions into the atmosphere as possible. Therefore, there is an increasing effort towards the construction of buildings that are energy efficient. The diploma thesis was carried out in two phases. In the first phase of the diploma thesis, he described the preparation of the PGD project for a single-storey house with specified distances from neighbouring plots and the demolition of an existing well at the construction site, as well as obtaining a building permit. Installation of building joinery according to RAL guidelines with expansion permanently elastic tape is recommended for installation in low-energy buildings, especially in new constructions and replacements. It requires finished window reveals, which does not represent a major cost in new construction, but in the case of replacement, the treatment is more extensive due to damage to the reveals.

Problem

Modern construction and global changes due to air pollution require the construction of buildings with as few negative emissions into the atmosphere as possible. Therefore, there is an increasing effort towards the construction of buildings that are energy efficient. The diploma thesis was carried out in two phases.

Solution and Method

In the first phase of the diploma thesis, he described the preparation of the PGD project for a single-storey house with specified distances from neighbouring plots and the demolition of an existing well at the construction site, as well as obtaining a building permit. For the building in question, he prepared a bill of quantities for construction and craft works and prepared a PZI architecture project. He also prepared a contractor's agreement for the execution of works and prepared a schedule for the implementation of the PGD project documentation. In the second phase of the diploma thesis, he focused his attention on the airtightness of the building, particularly on the method of installing building joinery and the system for better airtightness and optimal energy consumption.

Based on the literature studied, he established that there are many suppliers of building joinery on the Slovenian market. The research included three suppliers of PVC, aluminium and wooden building joinery, which are very recognisable on the Slovenian market and from which he drew data. His experience was also useful, as he has been working in construction operations for many years, so he included this in the research and presented it in the diploma thesis as his own source.

The installation of building joinery is of great importance, as it ensures airtightness and quality of living in various situations, from the replacement of building joinery to new constructions. When installing building joinery, it is recommended to consistently use only certified materials. For the bedding of windows and doors, we use supports made of hard synthetic materials as well as supports made of hardwood.

Supports made of synthetic materials certainly have an advantage, as there are many certified ones on the market and they have greater load-bearing capacity, which is very important with today's large panoramic glazing, as is proper bedding, which is precisely prescribed on the basis of the static load-bearing capacity of the building joinery frames and experience. To fill the gaps between the load-bearing wall and the building joinery frame, polyurethane foams are used as thermal insulators with which we fill the gap, but soft-cell polyurethane foam with the same thermal properties is increasingly being used, because it better withstands the shrinkage and expansion of the material and better adapts to thermal changes.

In the diploma thesis, the author envisaged the installation of building joinery according to RAL guidelines in three different systems in the building from the project assignment, which differ from each other according to the purpose of installation. For comparison, he started from the basic classical installation, to provide an idea of what this means in monetary terms, according to current market prices. If I compare the basic installation and the most cost-effective installation according to the requirements of RAL guidelines, which is most suitable for the replacement of building joinery, of course with optimal installation, I establish that installation according to RAL guidelines is definitely worthwhile.

If we compare the difference in price, for example, for replacement, which amounts to approximately €470 (applies to the building from the common part of the diploma thesis) and the cost of damage that would consequently arise due to poor-quality classical installation, as well as the amount of investment, this is absolutely justified. We must take into account the fact that due to leakage, condensation-mould can occur, meaning subsequent painting and decorating repairs, reduction of the service life of the building joinery and an increase in energy consumption for heating.

Results

Installation of building joinery according to RAL guidelines with expansion permanently elastic tape is recommended for installation in low-energy buildings, especially in new constructions and replacements. It requires finished window reveals, which does not represent a major cost in new construction, but in the case of replacement, the treatment is more extensive due to damage to the reveals. Since in this case we have a low-energy building, the increased cost for new construction is approximately

€540 and for replacement approximately €650 (for comparison from the basic installation price), the very fact that it requires a quality system and installation makes this cost a good investment for the future. For the most demanding installation of building joinery, the system in three levels is currently the most recommended.

It is used in the construction of passive buildings. It ensures maximum airtightness. The very word "passive building" tells us that in this case we are dealing with an above-standard, higher price category, which also justifies the difference in price for new construction of approximately €470, and for replacement approximately

€540 (for comparison from the cheaper installation according to the RAL system – polyurethane foam and sealing adhesive compound). Passive buildings require a complete airtight building envelope, so such an implementation of building joinery installation is mandatory. With the data and comparisons he presented above, it is confirmed that higher-quality building joinery installation systems justify the cost, reduce heating costs, and give the building added value. With quality installation of building joinery and an advanced system, we extend the service life of the entire building. Therefore, the higher costs of quality systems are negligible compared to the costs incurred due to poor airtightness.

All the systems he examined are economically justified. He established that investment in building joinery with triple glazing and with as many multi-chamber PVC profiles of building joinery frames and sashes as possible, thermally insulated ALU profiles and wooden building joinery with additional thermal insulation is the only right path for optimal energy-efficient construction. Based on the above, I can conclude that the installation of building joinery according to RAL guidelines ensures incomparably better airtightness of the building than installation in the classical manner.

Based on the comparison of building joinery installation systems and cost justification, I can claim that he achieved the set goal. He also arrived at findings that will be useful to the author in advising and construction.